graft

Fig. 1. Patient A: Anteroposterior radiograph (A) showed a fracture line and cystic for-mation at the proximal third of the scaphoid. Coronal view of MRI scan (B) showed re-duced T1 intensity over the proximal scaphoid, confirming the diagnosis of avascular ne-crosis.

Vascularized Bone Grafting for Avascular Necrosis of the Scaphoid Proximal Pole

Scaphoid fractures are one the most common fractures of the hand, accounting for 50-80% of carpal bone fractures, many of which present with vague symptoms that can be misdiagnosed. Of these, 10% progress to nonunion, and 3% can present necrosis of the proximal pole. To achieve bone healing, re-establishing the

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